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DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, 



CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION 



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1876, 



TV^ITH A.NNA.LS, 



PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ACT OF CONGRESS AND 
THE PROCLAMATIONS OF THE PRESIDENT. 



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WASHINGTON : 

O. H. REED, PRINTER. 
1876. 




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BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATED OF AMERICA. 

A PROCLAM.VTION. 

Wliereas a joint resolution of the Senate and House of Re])reseutative3 
of the United States was duly approved on the loth day of JNJarch hxst, 
which resolution is as follows : 

"Be it resolved iy ihe Senate and House of Bepresi.iitaiivcs of tlie Unitid 
" States of America in Conijress assemhled. That it be, auu is hereby, recom- 
" mended bv the Senate and House of RepresentatiA'es to the people of 
" the several States that they assemble in their several counties or towns 
" on the approaching centennial anniversary of our national independ- 
" ence, and that they cause to have delivered on such day an historical 
" sketch of said county or town from its fonnatioii, and that a copy of 
" said sketch may be filed, in print or manuscript, in the Clerk's office of 
" said countv, and an additional copy, in print or manuscript, be tiled in 
" the ottice of the Librarian of Congress, to the intent that a complete 
" record may thus be ol)taiued of the progress of our institutions during 
" the first centennial of their existence." 

And whereas it is deemed proper that such recommendation be brought 
to the notice and knowledge of the people of the United States : 

Now, therefore, I, Ulysses S. Grant, President of the United Statues, do 
hereby declare and make known the same, in the hope that the object of 
such resolution may meet the approval of the people of the United States, 
and that proper steps may be taken to carry the same into effect. 

Given under my hand at the City of Washington, the twenty-fifth day 
{ ^ — ^ ^ of May," in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and 
•] SKAL. > seventy-six, and of the independence of the United States the 
( ^-'-v^^ ) one hundredth. 

U. S. GRANT. 
By the President : 

HAMILTON FISH, 

Secretary of State. 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876.' ^ 

In response to the foregoing proclamation a meeting of 
the citizens of Mount Pleasant was hold on the 30th of 
May, and a committee appointed, consisting of Samuel G. 
Arnold, Henry C. Harmon, Benjamin P. Davis, Paris H. 
Folsom, and Lyman S. Emery, to make appropriate ar- 
rangements for the observance of the Fourth of July and 
commemorative of the Centennial anniversary. 

The return of the day was publicly greeted at half-past 
six o'clock at the Village Hall by a meeting for prayer 
and thanksgiving, in accordance with th(^ following proc- 
lamation : 

BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 

A PROCLAMATION. 

The ceuteunial aiiiiivei-sarv of the day ou which th^ people of tlie 
I' uited States declared their right to a se])arate and eiinal statiou aiuoni.' 
the Power.s of the <':trth seems to demand an exceptional observance. 

The fonnders of the Government at its birth and in its feebleness in- 
voked tlie blessings and the protection of a Divine Providence, and the 
thirteen colonies and three millicms of people have expanded into a na- 
tion of streiiirth and numbers commanding the position which then was 
asserted andfor which fervent prayers were then ottered. 

It seems fitting that on the occurrence of the hundredth anniversary ot 
our existence as a nation a grateful acknowledgment should be made lO 
Almighty God for the protection and the bounties which he has vouch- 
safed to our beloved country. . 

I therefore invite the eood people of the United States on the approach- 
ing Fourth dav of July, in addition to the usual observances w.th whicli 
they are accustomed to areet the return of the day, further, m such man- 
ner" and at such time as in their respective localities and reh gious asso- 
ciations may be most convenient, to nuirk its recurrehce by some pubii/ 
relidous aiid devout thanksgiving to Almighty God for the bles-ungs 
which have been bestowed upon us as a nation during the century of our 
existence, and humbly to invoke a continuance of His f;ivor and ot His 

protection. , , , -, .-, ■ 

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal 

of the United States to be affixed. . 

Done atJthe city of Washington, this twenty-sixth day of Juue,in tlie 

C -.^A^-^ ) year of 'our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-six. 

] SEAL, [and of the independence of the United States of America the 

^^.^^i one hundredth. U.S.GRANT. 

Bv the President : 

HAMILTON FISH. 

iSccretary of Stafe 

Edward S. Peck presided .and. opened the exercises by 
reading the Psalm of Thanksgiving contained in the 18th 
chapter of 1st Chronicles ; after wd^ich appropriate prayer 
and addresses were made. 

At ten o'clock A. M. the people assembled at the grove 
adjoining the village, whore the exercises were continued 
under the following programme: 



4 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

PROGRAMME. 

Prayer by Rev. F. E. Freeniau. 

Address by the President, J. AV. Bnker. 

Singing, "Old Hundred." 

Reading the Declaration oi Independence, by W. C. Lipscomb, Jr. 

Original Poem, by S. G. Arnold. 

Singing, "Hail Columbia." 

Address by H. L. Piper. 

Singing, "The Red. White, and Blue." 

Reading of the Annals of Mt. Pleasant, by H. V. Harmon. 

SENTIMENTS. 

1. The President of the United States— S. G. Aniold. 

2. The Army — L. S. Emory. 
Singing, "Glory Hallelujah." 

8. The United States Navy— J. S. Delano. 

4. The Press— A. W. Eaton. 

5. Our Flag— E. S. Peck. 

Singing, "The Star -Spangled Banner." 

('). The American Congiess— Hon. O. D. Conger. 

7. The Original Thirteen States— Hon. J. R. Tarbox. 

8. The Union— T. J. Lasier. 
Singing, "America." 

9. The School-House— J. S Brown. 

10. The Fathers of '76— Hon. O. D. Conger. 

11. The Pulpit— Rev. F. E. Freeman. 
Singing, "Hold the Fort." 

12. Mount Pleasant— H. C. Harmon. 

13. The First Resident— A. L. Sturtevant. 
Singing, "Home, Sweet Home." 
Benediction. 

President, J. W. Buker ; Vice Presidents, E. S. Peck, H. C. Harmon, S. 
G. Arnold, F. Mattingly, John B. BIoss ; Secretary, Thomas J, Lasier. 

Committee of Arrangements — S. G. Arnold, L. S.Emery, J. S. Delano, 
H. C. Harmon, T. J. Lasier, P. H. Folsom, B. P. Davis. 

The exercises of the day were closed by au eveuiug fes- 
tival of the young people at the hall, under the auspices of 
the Sabbath-school, A. L. Sturtevant, president. After 
the singing of various national airs, Mias Ella Xichols re- 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 5 

cited tliG^ "Uiiioii Forever." Miss Belle Harmon read a 
Centennial poem, and Miss Aggie Brown and Master 
Charlie Sturtevant sang respectively the "Star-Spangled 
Banner" and the "Tax upon Tea." The exercises were 
closed by a few w'ell-timed and patriotic remarks by B. P. 
Davis and the singing of "America." 

A HUNDRED YEARS. 



One hundred busy years ! How uuicli they uieau ! 

What niifihty revolutions have they seen ! 

What protrress of the arts! What progress of the pen ! 

What breaking down of wrong ! What lifting up of men ! 

Well may we boast our victories nobly won ; 

Our rapid progi'ess towanis the setting sun ; 

Our broad domain — its evei y acre free, 

Stretching its giant arms from sea to sea ; 

Our white-winged commerce o'er the stormy brine ; 

Our wealth of prairie, forest, farm and mine. 

And, more than these — vshat still the spirit tires, 

Those sterling virtues of our noble sires, 

Which wedded them to freedom as to life, 

In face of frowns and threats and deadly strife, 

And held them to their self-imposed decree 

To pay no sordid tax on British tea. 

They stood as stands the rock upon the shore 

When angry waves around it foam and roar ; 

And, bending not before the tyrant's blow. 

Hurled swift defiance back upon the foe. 

You know the rest. Their stubborn, plucky will 

Brought Concord, Lexington and Buuker-Hill. 

It brought stern war ; and men with bated breath 

Saw the destroyer, red with tire and death. 

Stalk through the land to lay the fairest low 

And scatter wide the direful seeds of woe 

But, "where t here is a will there is a waj'," 

And so there dawned at last, a better day 

Patient endurance ! Ah ! it conquers still .' 

It forms the climax of a manly will ! 

It foiled the evil purposes designed 

A.nd gave a new born Nation to mankind. 

2s'ay, more ! unknown it held at its command 

These hundred years of progress in its hand : 

These years of toil and growth, all richly fraught 

With schools and churches, and unfettered thought— 

A precious gift, a princely, royal dower, 

Of onward progress and advancing power ! 

The age is '"fast" and whatsoever lingers 

Is rudely thrust aside by nimbler fingers. 

Life's panorama of eventful range 

Glitters with visions of amazing change. 

Our mothers with the needle slowly wrought. 

Chatting with children or absorbed in thought : 

Patient, persistent, grave perhaps, or gay, 

Obedient to their needs they stitched away. 

And our good households, in those olden days. 

Attest the merits of their faithful ways. 



ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

But, times baye changed. Behold anothor scene ! 

List to the pacing click of that machine ! 

Follow the needle— if, perchance, the eye 

Can catch its motions as the stitches tly . 

See how the stnff moves on all neatly sewed, 

Treading its wonted way as on a road, 

Corded, or hemmed, or gathere i, as you please. 

And moving forward with surpassing ease. 

Its stitch the very magic of our times. 

More deftly woven than our magic rhymes. 

Those homely methods could not always last ; 

The " good old times" must drop into the past. 

The nimble knitting on a wintry night. . 

Around the blazing lire, cheerful and bright ; 

The twirling spindle, and the maiden's tread, 

As. with a whirl, she drew the tiny threail ; 

The beam and shuttle of the household loom — 

Which had its corner or its special room ; 

The flax and distaif of the " little wheel ;" 

The winding into knots upon the reel ; 

Are household pictures faded and gone by ; 

And, in their place a thousand spindles ply, 

A thousand looms, moved by some mountaiu stream 

Or, ready, busy, many-handed steam. 

Steam is our hand-maid, faithful.deft, and strong, 

That pnshes fast the moving w^rld along. 

It speeds the shuttle, spins the spindle round ; 

Wheels monstrous burdens o'er the graded ground ; 

Brings Iron from the mine, andc( al and lead ; 

Lifts rocks and metals from their mountain bed ; 

Rolls out our iron, beats the pond'rons trip ; 

Hammers and saws and sails the fastest ship ; 

Stitches our garments, ploughs for unsown seed. 

And prints the Daily Paper which we read. 

The Daily Paper, now in every hand, 

Sheds light and knowledgt through the teeming land 

And we behold the prkss a ruling power, 

Grown stronger by the change of every hour. 

The wooden Ramage working Avitliout stint. 

For our good sires a hundred sheets might print 

Within the hour. Long since it passed away. 

A thing most useful, it has had its day. 

Oh, Fkanklin! couldst thou from thy sleep arise ! 

What thrilling wonder ! what enwrapped surprise ! 

Thy sympathetic breast would surely know 

While gazing on a mammoth working HoK ! 

Weavy and strontr, and moving with a will, 

It whirls and rattles like a cotton-mill. 

And many a snowy hank piled hugely high. 

And many a hand is taxdl for its supply ; 

And, Oh ! Amazing! it with ease complett s 

Within the hour, full twenty thousand sheets. 

So, too, of old, the painter slowly wrought. 

With his good eye tlie face or scene he caught. 

And then with color, brush, and master skill 

Proceeded patiently his sketch to fill. '^' ! 

Few walls were garnished then with works of art ; 

Few pictures graven— save upon the heart. 

But, since DagUERRE, no painter like the eun ; 

Who takes our portraits almost on the run : 

Whose brush of rays with color overflows 

And every ardent look a picture shows. 

To rich and poor he gives his genial ray, 

And gems for all are radiant every day. 



FOUR'TH OF JULY 1876. 



d)mpaiiions, lovers, parents, cliildrpn, all ; 
The poormaii'H Cottage audthe rich man's Hall, 
Attest the largeness of the painter's will. 
And share the bonnties of his matchless skill. 

In " seventy-six, " if Post-man did not fail, 

Letters went slowly in the weekly mail ; 

And, if demands more nrgent chanced to press 

Relays of horses proved a fleet express. 

Behold what change ! With rail and steam combined 

And daily mails, the news wonldlag behind 

But for those magic wires which stretch afar. 

On which the lightning drives his unseen car. 

His flying conrsers sweep along their way, 

t)'er land and sea, by darkness and by day, 

Now, down beneath the ocean's surging tide. 

On the long cable through the deep they ride. 

Now, mounting on the endless net of wires. 

On, on, with speed that never flags or tires, 

Counting all time and distance as but naught, 

Leaping or flying, as a flash or thought. 

To bring from every land subdued by man, 

From England, Egy]>t, China and Japan, 

The ncAvs, like manna, gathered fi'eeh and sweet 

To be reported in t lie daily sheet. 

The fastest travel in the olden age 

^A"as in the rocking, bounding, four-horse stage, 

Which, swinging, jolting, as it rolled along 

Behind its heavy horses, slow and strong. 

Full often pausing to obtain the mail 

Or fresher horses, Ji.sthe worn ones fail. 

Could, in its steady tread of night and day 

Scarce make its hundred miles of weary way. 

The driver was a man of conscious power. 

Of business air and prompt to daj- and hour. 

Who answered questions and would oft expand 

On title deeds and ownership of land, 

Or village gossip, tales and local lore 

And. Oh ! the bundles, messages and notes he bore! 

Missiles of business, love, and strange embraces ; 

Of shows and auctions, trainings and the races; 

And when his mellow horn blew loud and clear 

To sound a warning that the stage was near, 

A crowd of gossips, thus informed before, 

Would meet in knots around the tavern door, 

To get their papers, notes or other dues. 

Or see the team, or hear or tell the news. 

He, like a royal sovereign, had his throne. 

From which he ruled his princely realm alone ; 

And, when he gathered up his double reins, 

That magic power that governs and restrains, 

No Emperor, with high, imperial will. 

Could wield his stately power with better skill. 

His watchful subjects, mindful of his way, 

Bent all their humors to his fltful sv>'ay. 

Anh If, perchance, in aught thev seemed to lack, 

ill*? Jong lash quivered with a thundering crack, 

u hile every muscle trembled at the sound. 

And every hoof was ready to rebound. 

Those days have gone. The stage has passed away ; 

And, 111 its place, the level, iron way 

Beai s on its track the stream of busy life 

That sweeps with currents strong as human strife. 

The iron horse with glowing embers fed, 

Paces, impatient on his graded bed 

And breathing smoke and sparks of glowing fire 



ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

Suggests a demon or some monster dire. 
But, kindly treated, on his trusty road, 
No ox is half so patient (it his load. 
With scores of laden cais bonnd to his train 
He bears our freight and travel o'er the main, 
Laughs at all toil and, with herculean power. 
Wlieels off his load at sixty miles aa hour. 

In morals, too, the ever waging strife 
Bears hard upon the hoary wrongs of life.— 
Strange ! that our sires who pledged their all to be 
From every foreign power so nobly free, 
Should not have spurned the collie and the chain 
Anb banished slavery fiom their wide domain! 
But, no : alas ! For twenty shameful years 
Tha licensed slave-trade filled the laud with tears. 
Aue when, at last, the foreign traffic o'er. 
Our ships their stolen freight no longer bore, 
Bundmen at home, scourged to reluct ant toil, 
With sweat and blood bedewed our virgin soil. 
Then followed strife which promised no repose 
Till the black crime was beaten out by blows. 
Fierce, and more fierce, the angry contest raged 
Till its wild fury all our statks engaged ; 
And slavery, beaten oft, "pushed to the wall. 
Met, on a field of blood, its final fall. 
Oh, direiul war ! destruction in thy hand ! 
The sword, the torch awaiting thy command ! 
Engine of Tyrants, since the world began, 
To build up Empire and belittle man ! 
Begetting woes no tongue can ever tell. 
And breathing sulphur from the pit of hell ! 
Thou com'st in mercy when thou com'st to save ! 
Thou com'st an angel— to redeem the slave ! 
Within the cycle of these hundred years 
What clouds disperse ! What darkness disappears ! 
What explorations science has bea:un ! 
What triumph after triumph has it won ! 
The moou and stars that gem the arch of night 
Are caught in shades of photographic light : 
The golden sun, that royal fount of day, 
That drives his fiery car so far away, 
Is not so far but science can evoke 
His hidden secrets with the spectroscope ; 
And the deep sea, far down beneath its waves, 
Can hold no more the treasures of its caves. 
A hundred vears ago where was the West ? 
The migrant's hopeful home, the settler's rest ? 
The Alii'irhanies were our bounding zone ; 
And all bevoud was mystery —unknown. 
That miglitv valley, now with states bestud, 
Through which the Mississippi rolls its flood. 
Was tangled woods and wild uncultured lands, 
Roamed Ity fierce beasts and naked, savage bands ; 
Tlie golden coast, with all its treasures rare ; 
Its niiuhty trees ; its mountains ribbed and bare ; 
Its rapid rivers choked with water-falls ; 
Its gloomy canons with their rocky walls ; 
Its mines of gold and silver, salt and clay ; 
Its famous city and uuequ.alled bay ; 
Its deep Yosemite, encased in stone- 
Were in the distant future— blank, unknown. 
In seventy-six these homes we hold so dear, 
Our own "Mt. Pleasant, had no being here. 
The Piney-branch went singing on its way 



FOURTH OF JULY 18 7G, 



And many a bird, asno\v, jxnirod forth its lay ; 

And swtM^t arlmtns bloonird an\ong the. trees 

And slied its fragrance on the vernal breeze: 

And the groat snu looked down with strange (Udight 

On the wide forests stretched l)eneath his sight — 

A lovely Eden in the deep profound ! 

An Kde'n— hut, no man to till the ground I 

No school-house wliere an empty lieail could till : 

No Hall for worship, lecture, or quadi ille ; 

No tower among the half-clad, long-armed trees. 

With spreading wings to wrestle with the breeze 

And teach the waters a new bent of flowing 

That Beam might show what he could do by— bio win i 

A hundred years ago, just as to-day, 

The broa Potomac swept its devious way. 

And dear Mount Vernon from its sheltering wood 

Looked down, as now, upon the moving flood. 

But Wasliington with all its towers and domes. 

Its gilded palaces and humble homes. 

Has nestled down upon its river shore 

Long since the war for liberty was o'er. 

And, far and near, on river, lake and plain. 

From sea to sea, in all this grand domain, 

Thus cities rise to mark the rolling years. 

And tliriftful progress everywhere appears. 

As through the clouds a gleam of liglit will play, 

And, glinting backward, paint reflected day. 

So, Through the past, reflected we may see, 

Glimpses of what our future years will be. 

But glimpses only; for the clouds still hide, 

And naught can draw the dusky veil aside. 

But who can doubt, if thus the past appears, 

Our country's glory in the coming years ? 

Its happy homes with grace and culture crowned. 

Where light, religion, faith and truth abound, 

Its teeming millions living more and more 

For that great FUTURK lying just before ; 

And its strong arm stretched out to shield and save 

The struggling nations that are true and brave* 

So may it be ! Its armor ever bri ght. 

Its sword drawn only to maintain the right. 



WashinCtTOX, D. C. , 187G. 



A N" X A T. S 

OF 

MOUISTT PLEASi^iSTT, 

PREPARED 1?Y 

U. C. HARMOX, B. P. DAVIS, J. P.. 13L0SS, S. (I. ARNOLD, W. U. 
LIPSCOMR, JR., A. L. STURTEVANT. 



MOUNT PLEASANT. 



The village of Mount Pleasant, settled and occupied 
mostly by Government employees, is the outgrowth and 
result of the law establishing the seat of Government of 
the United States on the Potomac ; and its history is 
therefore intimately associated with that event. During 
the war of the revolution and down to the inauguration 
of the Government under the Constitution on the 4th of 
March, 1789, the governing power, such as it was, vested 
in the Continental Congress, which met wherever conven- 
ience or necessity dictated. But just after the close of the 
war, on the 21st of June, 1783, while this body was in 
session at Philadelphia, it was exposed to the insults and 
jeers of a riotous mob, which the State authorities failed 
to control, and which caused the adjournment of Con- 
grees to Princeton, X. J., where its sessions were held in 
the College Hall. 

This unpleasant incident created a prejudice against 
large cities as proper places for the meeting of Congress, 
and suggested the propriety of Imildings for that purpose, 
located beyond the reach of all such turbulent influences. 
Accordingly, in the same year, on the 7th of October, 
Elbridge Gerry offered a resolution that buildings for tlie 
use of Congress be located on or near the Delaware River, 
or on the Potomac River, near Georgetown. 

After undergoing some changes, one of which was the 
erection of buildings at both places, the resolution was 
adopted, but was rescinded tiie following Spring, on the 
26th of April, 1784. 

October 30th, of the same year, Congress met at Tren- 
to:i, N. J., and the subject was again taken up, but no 



12 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

deliuite action was had. The next year, 1785, when Con- 
gress was in session in N. Y., the subject was further con- 
sidered ; the prevailing sentiment being in favor of build- 
ings on the Delaware in Penn., immediately across the 
river from Trenton. But as there was a strong party in 
favor of the Potomac, nothing definite was done. Two 
years later, May 10, 1 787, Wm. Lee, of Va., moved a 
resolution that buildings for the use of Congress be 
erecteci on the Potomac; but the resolution was lost, N. 
Y., Va., and Ga. only voting in the affirmative. This 
appears to have terminated the efforts of the Continental 
Congress to establish for itself permanent quarters ; but it 
was one of the first subjects that engaged the attention of 
the Constitutional Congress, which assembled in N. Y. in 
1789. Oc the 5th of September of that year a resolution 
passed the House of Rep. that the permanent seat of Gov't 
ought to be established on the Susquehanna liiver in Pa. 
In the Senate the resolution was amended by specifically 
naming Germantown, in Pa., as the place tor the future 
seat of Gov't. The amendment was concurred in by the 
House, which also made some slight changes in the reso- 
lution, which rendered it necessary to send the resolution 
back to the Senate, where it was lost for want of time. 

In the follo\\ing year. May 31, 1790, a bill was enacted, 
and became a lavv on the 16th of July following, locating 
the seat of Gov't on the Potomac at some place between 
the mouth of the Eastern Branch and the Connogo- 
cheague. This law was amended March 3, 1791, so as to 
authorize the President to locate a District of 10 miles 
square, above Hunting Creek, and to inckide a conven- 
ient part of Eastern Branch, and the town of Alexandria, 
and providing that no public buildings shoukl be erected, 
otherwise than on the Maryland side of the Potomac 
liiver. 

In pursuance of this law, a commission, consisting of 
Thomas Johnson, David Stuart and Daniel Carroll, was 
appointed to survey the District. On the 15th of April, 
1791, they placed the corner stone at Jones Point, just be- 
low Alexandria, with public ceremonies, in which the 
Masonic Order took a leading part. 

On the 9th of Sept. following the commissioners in- 
formed Maj. L'Enfant, Gen. Washington'^ surveyor, that 
thev had agreed to call the Federal District the Territory 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 13 

of Columbia, and the b ederal City the City of Washing- 
ton, and directed him to entitle his map accordingly. 

That part of tlie District which n* w bears the name of 
Mt. Pleasant was detached from the patent of Lord Balti- 
more, long anterior to the Revolution, and appears to 
have descended through Robert Peter and Eliphas Doug- 
lass to Anthony Holmead the great-grand-father of Wil- 
liam Holmead, one of the present residents of Mt. P.eas- 
ant, and proprietor of quite a hirge portion of the origi- 
nal estate, lying east of 14th street road. For many years 
the famous race course was located here, and occupied a 
large portion of the plateau on which the village now 
stands. 

The track was an exact circle, one mile in extent, and 
swept around on both sides of where 14th street now is, 
and between the house of Mr. Mattingly and the old 
Georgetown road running east and west, th-^n between 
the college property and the Sherman property. The 14th 
street road was open only to the race course, the gate of 
which was at the terminus. The west side of the track 
must therefore have passed near the Houses of Mr. Stur- 
tevant, Mr. Peck, Mr. Davis, Mr. Simmons, and the two 
houses of Senator Sherman. It was on this course that 
the world celebrate race w^as contested between Sir 
Henry and Eclipse, in which Eclipse was the victor and 
made the fastest time then known to the sporting world. 

Antbony Holmead had his property re-surveyed 
April 18, 1795, when it extended across the 7th street road 
on the east, and over-lapped the boundaries of George- 
town and Washington city on the south and west. 

This property, then known as Pleasant Plains, and 
which now properly falls within the limits of Mount 
Pleasant, extends to Rock Creek and Piney Branch, em- 
bracing, in addition to the village proper, the Rosemount 
and section of the Rock of Dumbarton property, and the 
Ingleside, or Gen. Walbridge estate on the west, the 
Eslin estate on the south, the Holmead estate on the 
east, and extending to tbe Hall and Lewis estate on the 
north. 

At the death of Anthony Holmead, in 1802, he be- 
queathed his property to his two surviving sons, John and 
Anthony, the eastern portion going to Anthony, and that 
upon which now stands the larger part of the village 



14 ANNALS OP MOUNT PLEASANT. 

going to John, who died intestate, leaving three chiklren, 
Matilda, Henry, and William. Matilda and Henry died 
without issue, leaving William the sole heir. In the mean- 
time the estate hm] been much diminished by sales, but 
the part retained was in the immediate vicinity of this 
village ; and the homestead, where Mary Holmead, the 
widow of William, now resides. 

On the 20th of January, 1850, a portion of this prop- 
erty, lying west of 14th street, was conveyed to J. Ross 
Brown, the famous traveler, who on the 25th of February. 
1850, conveyed it to Wm. Selden,who built the house, or 
a portion of it, now owned and occupied by S. P. Brown, 
Esq. Mr. Selden was a Virginian, had been Treasurer of 
the U. S., and at this time was marshal of the U. S. 
Supreme Court. He occupied the property 10 or 12 years, 
down to the outbreak of the rebellion, in which his sym- 
pathies were with the South, where he owned considera- 
ble property. Hence, the war cut off his principal re- 
sources, and from this and other causes his estate here 
became encumbered with various deeds of trust. These 
deeds were released to S. P. Brown, and on the 30th of 
May, 1862, the property was conveyed by Selden and wife 
in fee simple to Mr. Brown, consisting of the buildings 
and about 73 acres of land lying north of Linnean Hiil 
road, now called Park street, and between the estate of 
the late Gen. Walbridge and the 14th street roadway. 

At the date of purchase by Mr. Brown the property 
was occupied by the military forces of the Government, 
the Gthreg't Pa. cav. vols, having quarters at and near the 
Selden House, with barricades extending as far east as the 
property now owned by Mr. Exley ; and after the second 
battle of Bull Run Gen. Banks' forces occupied the prop- 
erty also for a short time. 

Immediately upon the withdrawal of the military forces 
from the place, Mr. Brown commenced the improvement 
of the estate, by enlarging, improving and erectiiig buil: 
dings, and refencing the land and setting out fruit and 
ornamental trees, and upon removing his family thither, 
gave it the name of Mount Pleasant. During tiie entire 
war a large portion of the property adjacent to 14th street 
road on either side, and north of Boundary street, was 
occupied for army purposes, and one of the most extensive 
and capacious of the buildings was given the name of 
Mount Pleasant Hospital. 



Fourth op july 1876. 15 

In 1862, the uiicertanitj which hung over the national 
contest, had greatly depressed the price ot property and 
the purchase of Mr. Brown was therefore made at a very 
low price. But immediately after the close of the war, 
real estate began to recover from its depression and in- 
dustry and enterprise to resume their accustomed channels. 
Hence there were frequent inquiries for suburban property ; 
and as these multiplied it occurred to Mr, Brown that he 
might do good service to the public and to himself hy sell- 
ing off a portion of his farm in lots suitable for suburban 
residences. 

Accordingly, in May 1865,he surveyed and laid out his 
first sub-division, which contemplated the opening of but 
one street, which he named Sheridan Avenue. The lots on 
this avenue and Linnean Hill (now Park street,) were as 
now located, haying a frontage on the south 100 feet ; but 
on the north side of Sheridan avenue they had a frontage 
of 132 feet and depth of 330 feet, sufficient to make one acre 
of land in each lot. These lots were offered for sale at 
public auction in June 1865, but prices not proving satis- 
factory , one lot only was sold at auction, and four at pri- 
vate sale. The lots sold were those lying between Sheridan 
avenue and Park street. Washington Tilley, purchased 
two, Ephraim Wheeler and son two, and Henry Nicholson 
one. 

Thus was inaugurated the movement which has resulted 
in the building up of the i)eautiful suburban village of 
Mount Pleasant. And while S. P. Brown, Esq., is not 
the oldest or first living resident within the present bounds 
of Mount Pleasant, he is the first resident of the village 
pi'oper, and may be justly regarded as the pioneer and 
founder of the village; although impetus was given and 
character added to the movement b}' the purchase and im- 
provement of the property on and near Howard avenue, in 
1866-67, by certain parties of which more will be said 
hereafter. 

As brief personal notices of the residents of Mount 
Pleasant will form a part of these Annals, it may be 
proper to g^ve here a brief sketch of the founder of the 
village. 

Samuel P. Brown, was born in Hancock county Maine, 
and for some time was engaged in the survey and explor- 
ation of timber land in that state, and in teaching schools; 



16 ANNALS OP MOUNT PLEASANT. 

subsequently he was extensively engaged in the himber, 
granite, and ship-building business in Maine, and in the 
timber trade in Florida. He was a member of the Legis- 
lature of Maine, at different times from 1845 to 1859, and 
in 1860, was a candidate for Congress in the Sixth District. 
In 1861 be removed to AVashington, and was appointed 
naval agent in April of the same year. In addition to his 
Mount Pleasant enterprise, he built several elegant and 
costly residences in the city, and in 1863, projected and 
built the Metropolitan street Railroad, and was its first 
president ; soon after he was appointed by the President a 
member of the Levy Court, and upon the creation of the 
Territorial Government, was appointed a nif^mber of the 
"Board of Public Works," upon which he served as one 
ot its most useful and energetic members. 

A few days after this auction sale, lots Nos. 4 and 5, 
fronting on Park street, were purchased by J. S. Brown, 
Esq. Mr. Brown commenced to build in the Spring of 
1867, but his house was not completed until the Spring ot 
1868 ; although it was so far tenable that he moved his 
family into it on the 7th, of December, 1867. 

Mr. Brown is a native of Xew Hampshire ; removed to 
Washington, D. C, in 1850 ; and is by profession a solicitor 
of patents, and is now and has been for several years a 
member of the board of school trustees of the District of 
Columbia. He was formally a contributor to the New 
Haven Pal adium. 

On the 7th, of July 1865, Issac Bond, then a clerk in the 
Post Office Department, purchased lot JSo. 28 lying on 
tlie north side of Sheridan avenue. The first house in the 
new village was built by Mr. Bond upon this lot — a small 
house 12 feet square of two stories, in which he lived for 
about a year, and while the Bond house as we now know 
it was gradually developing its proportions. Mr. Bond 
was an intelligent and conscientious Quaker, who had the 
old fashioned Quaker scruples about running in debt, so 
his main house went up slowly and mainly by his own 
exertions. He died of consumption in l:!<72, greatly re- 
gretted by his neighbours; his widow sold the property to 
J. B. Bloss, Esq., in December, 1872, who still owns it. 
It is now occupied by H. K. Red way, sargent of the 
County Police. 

Mr. Redway is a native of , and removed to 

the District of Columbia in 18 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 17 

Lot Xo. G fronting on Park street, wa? purchased in July 
1865, by W. C Lipscomb, Jr., who built thereon the second 
house of the village, and moved his family into it on the 
25, of April, 1866^ Mr. Lipscomb is a native of George- 
town, D. C, and at the time of removal to Mount Pleasant 
was a clerk in the Sixth Au<litors' Othce of the Treasury 
Department ; he is now and has been for several years, 
one of our eminent county school teachers. 

The third house was a small house built in 1866, by 
Ephriam Wheeler, on lot No. 14, and occupied for a while 
by Mr. Hendrik. Mr. Wheeler subsequently enlarged his 
home and occupied it several years with his family, and 
in 1873, sold the property to l)r. John _H. Darrell, who 
further enlarged and improved the buildings. Dr. Darrell, 
the jj resent owner is a native of Maryland; was in his 
youth a page in the House of Representatives, and is now 
by profession a Doctor of Dentistry. 

"^ After the sale of lots on Park street, and the one pur- 
chase by Mr. Bond, on Sheridan avenue, no further sales 
were 'etiected for about a year. In the Summer of 1866, 
a large number of gentlemen, mainly clerks in the Gov- 
ernment employ, held a series ot consultations with the 
view of acting together in the purchase of property tor 
making themselves homes in the sulmrbs of Washington. 
At tirst the number was about thirty, and through their 
committee and agents they examined all the eligible po- 
sitions then in the market, and among others the property 
of Mr. Brown, They found Mr. Brown disposed to for- 
ward their object and they made proposals to him, which 
he accepted ; but from various causes only ten out of the 
thirty adhered to their purpose. 

It was to accommodate the views of their new purchasesr 
that Mr. Brown made his second sub-division, which 
added Howard avenue, Brown street, Center street, Merid- 
ian avenue, and Oak street to the original plat. By this 
action several important charges were made. 
. Sheridan avenue which was originally 60 feot wide, 
was narrowed to 45 feet; and the acre lots on the north 
side were reduced to half acre lots, extending from Sheri- 
dan to Howard avenues. Acre lots with the same fron- 
tage 132 feet, were laid out on the north side ot Howard 
avenue, and were to exten.1 through to Meridian avenue ; 
then the opening of Brown street brought into favorable 



18 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

notice a tier of lots rumiiijo; through to Piuey Branch 
road, on which was a growth of oak trees, making them 
particularly desirahle for building purposes. 

These ten new purchasers were to have their lots at the 
rate of $650. per acre; and they located their lots on the 
newly opened streets, as follows : 

James S. Delano,Lots Nos, 19-20, one acre on the north 
west corner of Howard avenue and Brown street ; J. W. 
Buker, two acres. Lot No. 38 next to Mr. Delano's, north 
extendirg from Brown street to Piney Branch Road : S. 
H. Goodman, one acre Lot, No. 39 north of xMr, Burker, bet- 
ween the same street and road. 

E. S. Turner, Nos. 36-37, two acres, fronting 132 feet 
each on Howard avenue, and extending along Brown street 
to Meridian avenue; E. A. Pratt, No. 35, one acre, 132 feet 
on Howard avenue, next east to Mr. Turner; P. H. Folsom, 
one Lot No. 34, next east of Mr. Pratt, but not quite so 
wide, a few feet having been taken off for the opening of 
Center street, along which it extended to Meridian avenue. 
Mr. Folsom was not in fact one of the original purchasers, 
having made his contract at a later date and at an advan- 
ced price ; then going east and passing the lot now owned 
by Dr. Breed, one Lot No. 32, on the same side of 
Howard avenue, taken by B. P. Davis ; and one Lot No. 31, 
next east of Mr. Davis taken by A. L. Sturtevant ; then 
crossing to the other side of Howard avenue, one of the 
half acre Lots No. 24, extending through to Sheridan 
avenue taken by T. M. Exley, and another No. 27, next 
west of Mr. Bond, taken by H. Baldwin. 

The deeds to these parties were made on or about July 
23, 1866, and Mr. Delano, Mr. Turner, Mr. Pratt, Mr. 
Davis, and Mr. Sturtevant proceeded at once to build, but 
owing to the failure and flight of Mr. Moran, the builder, 
there was some embarrassment and delay. 

A. L. Sturtevant was the first to complete and occupy his 
house ; moving into it with his family on the 28th of De- 
cember, 1866. Mr. Sturtevant is a native of New Harap- ^ 
shire, and removed from Mass., to Washington in 1861, 
and entered into the employ of the United States in the 
Treasury Department, where he yet lemains; having 
charge of the Stationery and Printing Division of the De- 
partment. 

James S. Delano, came next in order, having complet- 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 19 

ed his house and taken possession of it with his family on 
the 9th of January, 1867. Mr. Delano is a native of 
Veiniont, removed to Illinois in early life and came to the 
City of Washington in 1862 ; and entered the Treasury 
Department whe're he now remains, in charge of one of 
the principal Divisions of the Second Comptrollers Office. 

B. P. Davis followed Mr. Delano, having completed 
and moved into his house on the 26th, of the same month. 
Mr. Davis suhsequently sold the property to Wm, F. Pray, 
and purchased in May 1872, Lots Nos. 1 and 10 in Block 
No. 1, lying on the west side of Pine street, and extending 
from Park street to Grant stieet, and built thereon in the 
Summer of 1874, where he still resides. Mr. Davis is a 
native of Massachusetts; was in the Union Army during the 
early part of the rebellion ; Removed to the City of Wash- 
ington in 1863, an(! entered the Fourth Auditor's Office of 
the Treasury Department, where he now remains in charge 
of one of the principal divisions of that office; and at dif- 
ferent times held the position of county school commis- 
sioner, trustee and superintendent of public schools. 

S. E. Turner and Captain Pratt, finished their houses 
a!)d moved into them the Spring following ; the same year 
Mr. Turner, sold his house and twolots to John W. Green, 
who occupied them until 1871, when he sold to Messrs 
Welker & Hagerty, the present owners ; the property is 
now occupied by Thoma*' J. Lasier, a clerk in the Navy 
Department. Mr. Lasier is a native of Illinois, and by 
profession a Civil Engineer, although for several years he 
edited the Lake Superior Miner m Michigan, and the Clare- 
mont Ea(/le in New Haven ; he removed to Mount Pleas- 
ant in 1875. 

In 1870 the house and lot of Captain Pratt, was sold to 
A. W. Eaton, the present owner and occupant. Mr. Eaton 
is a native of Herkimer county N. Y., and is by profession 
a Journalist ; for many years he was the propriet-^r and 
editor of the Mohawk Courier', afterwards merged in the 
Journal and Courier, and now printed at Little Falls, N. Y., 
and since his removal to Washington, has been a contrib- 
utor to the Count}/ Gentlemen He came to Washington at 
the request of Gen. Spinner in 1832, and removed to 
Mount Pleasant in April, 1870 ; he was for nearly fourteen 
years in the Office of the United States Treasurer ; and in 
charge of one of the Divisions of that Office. Prior to 



20 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

coming to Washington, he was also Treasurer of the 
County of Herkimer, N. Y. 

Thomas M Exley appears to be the next builder, having 
built and moved his family to Mount Pleasant in June, 
1867; his original lot has been enlarged by the purchase 
of one half of Lot No. 25. Mr. Exley was formely a car- 
penter and house builder by trade, and built his own house 
at Mount Pleasant; he is a native of New Hampshire, 
entered the Union Army at the outbreak c)f the Rebellion 
from Mass., upon the close of the war entered the Paymaster 
General's Office, where he now remains, having charge of 
one of the principal Divisions of that Office 

Dr. Daniel Breed appears to have been the next pur- 
chaser and builder, having purchased lot No, 33 on the 
N. E. corner of Howaid avenue and Centre street, with 
three large additional lots in the rear, making in all about 
five acres. He also bought the rear third ot lot 32 of Mr. 
Davis, and during the Summer of 1867 erected his build- 
ings and moved into his house on the 14th of September 
following. Dr. Breed is a native of New Hampshire, and 
came to the District several years before the war. During 
the war he was connected with the Medical Department of 
the Army in the District, and is now a practicing Solicitor 
of Patents. 

The next purchase was made on the 6th of April, 1867, 
by S. G. Arnold and Harry C. Harmon, of lot No. 23 on 
the southside of Howard avenue, and extendmg through 
to Sheridan avenue. Mr. Arnold taking the Westerly 
and Mr. Harmon the Easterly half of the lot, each with a 
frontage of 66 feet and a depth of 180 feet. 

John B. Bloss was the next purchaser and builder, hav- 
ing bought lot No. 30, which he now occupies, on the loth 
of^April, 1 867. He built his house in the summer of 1867, 
and moved into it in the following September. Mr. Bloss 
has smce purchased the Bond lot and several other lots in 
the village. He is a native of New York, removed to the' 
District from Detroit, Michigan, in 1854, and for many 
years was employed in the General Land Office, and after- 
wards had charge of the Railroad Division in the Interior 
]>epartment. He is now a practicing Land Agent and 
Attorney. 

During the same year General Eaton, Paymaster in the 
United States Army, purchased one of the lots, No. 11, 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 21 

originally purchased by Washington Tilley, and erected 
thereon the house now owned and occupied by Samuel _S. 
!<immons. Mr. Simmons is a native of Alexandria, Vir- 
ginia, but for many years, and prior to the purchase of his 
suburban residence at Mount Pleasant, was in successful 
business operations in the City of Washington. 

The next purchaser and builder was Lyman S. Emory, 
who purchased lot No. 3 on Park street, September 17, 

1867, built and moved into his house on the 25th of June, 

1868. Mr. Emory is a native of New Hampshire, and at 
the outbreak of the rebellion entered the Union Army. 
In 1864 removed to Washington and entered the civil 
service of the Government in the Internal Revenue Bureau, 
where he uow^ remains, and for some time having had 
charge of one of the sub-divisions of that office. 

S. G. Arnold followed next in order, having built his 
house in the Summer of 1868, and occupied it with his 
family in the early part of September of that year. _ Mr. 
Arnold is a native of New York, and removed to the City of 
Washington in the Spring of 1863, when he was appointed 
a clerk in the Second Auditor's Office. He was subsequently 
transferred to the Internal Revenue Bureau, where he now 
remains. Mr. Arnold was, in early life, a school teacher 
and druggist, but afterwards became a journalist of large 
experience, having edited and founded several newspapers. 
He founded and edited the Brooklyn Daily News, the 
Newark Morning Post, and the Trenton Daili/ News, and, at 
ditferent times, edited the Westchester Spy, the Brooklyn 
Advocate, the Highland Democrat, Brooklyn Eagle, Trenton 
Emjjorium and Syracuse Daily Chronicle, "^nd the Toledo 
Blade. Since 1865 has been the Washington correspond- 
ent of the last named paper, and contributor to various 
magazines. 

The next builder was H. C. Harmon, who completed and 
moved into his house on the 1st of May, 1869. Mr._ Har- 
mon is a native of New Hampshire, and, by profession, a 
lawyer. He was one of the original Free-State party that 
went to Kansas, from Massachusetts, in 1854, to redeem that 
Territory from the foils of the pro-slavery men — removed 
to Washington in 1862, and entered the Second Auditor's 
Office, where he has since been in charge of the Law and 
Prosecuting Branch of that office. 

The next house was built by S. H. Goodman, upon his 



22 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

original purchase on Brown street, who completed and oc- 
cupied the same on the 15th of December, 1870. Mr. 
Goolman is a native of Massachusetts, and removed to 
Washington from Chicago in 1862 and to Mount Pleasant 
in 1867, In 1862 he entered the Treasury Department, 
where he now remains in charge of one of the Sub-Divisions 
of the Internal Revenue Bureau. 

Next follows Edward S. Peck, who purchased the east 
half of Lot No. 25, on Howard avenue, in 1871, and built 
and moved into his house on the 26th of September, 1871. 
Mr. Peck is a native of New York, and served in the Union 
Army as Adjutant of the 100th Regiment, New York 
Volunteers. He removed to Washington in 1865 and 
entered the Office of Controller of the Currency of the 
Treasury, where he now remains. 

During the same year W R. Murphy purchased a por- 
tion of lot No. 32 of Mr. Davis end built thereon the house 
now owned and occupied by Jerome F. Johnson. Mr. 
Johnson is a native of Michigan, served three years in 
the 2d Wis. Vol.; wounded at Gettysburg, and on his dis- 
charge from the hospital settled in Washington, and is the 
owner of the large temperance grocery store in Masonic 
Temple. 

Also, during this year, S. P. Brown erected three houses, 
one on Piney Branch road, immediately opposite his own 
residence, and the others on Oak street and Laurel avenue. 
The house on Piney Branch road is occupied by J. W, 
Buker, who removed from Illinois to Washington in 1863, 
and to Mount Pleasant in 1867. Mr. Buker is a 
native of Maine, and in 1870 was appointed trustee of the 
county schools, was afterwards appointed collector of 
taxes, and in 1873 was appointed by President Grant as a 
member of the Legislative Council. 

The house on Laurel avenue was purchased in December, 
1874, by James Hudson, who now owns and occupies it. 
This property has been enlarged, improved and adorned, 
so that it is now one of the m^st elegant places in the vil- 
lage. Mr. Hudson is an Englishman by birth, but came 
to New York State in early life, where he learned the trade 
of painter. He came to Washington in 1864, where he 
^las since been in successful business as a house and fancy 
painter. 

The other is occupied by Charles Earle, also an English- 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 23 

mail. ' Mr. Earle was formerly connected with the British 
Legations, with Sir Frederick Bruce — came to Washington 
in April, 1865, where he has since remained, and for 
several years has been engaged in the merchant-commis- 
sion trade. He removed to Mount Pleasant in June 1874. 

Later in the same year, 1871, B. D. Fabyan purchased 
I 15,444 square feet on the northwest corner of Park and 
Fourteenth streets, and built thereon a s:ore and dwelling 
house, since destroyed by fire. The store was rebuilt in 
1875, and is now occupied by Richard Graham, formerly 
II merchant in Virginia. 

In the Spring of 1873, P. H. Folsom commenced build- 
ing on his lot, No. 34, and completed and moved into his 
house on the 1st of July following. Mr. Folsom is a native 
of Rhode Island, and removed to the City of Washington, 
during the early part of the war. He was afterwards ap- 
pointed to a position in the Treasury Department, where 
he now remains, in charge of the Book-keeper's Division 
of the Fourth Auditor's Office. 

Next followed, in rapid succes^on, the houses of C. L. 
Clark, on a portion of Lot No. 34. George A. Bartlett and 
Clarence F. Cobb, on Lot No. 16, originally purchased in 
1865 by Henry Nicholson, and knowm as the Cherry Tree 
Lot, S. E. Thomasen and Gen. F. E. Foster. 

Mr. Clark is an Englishman by birth, but came to this 
country in early youth. He is a carpenter and house 
builder by trade, and has built several of the houses at 
Mount Pleasant. At the outbreak of the RebelUon Mr. 
Clark entered the Union Army, where he served until the 
expiration of his term of service and removed to Mount 
Pleasant in 1873. 

Mr. Bartlett is a native of New Hampshire and upon the 
outbreak of the Rebellion entered the Union Army. Upon 
the close of the war he entered the Paymaster General's 
Office, and subsequently the Treasury Department, where 
he now is, in the Mail Division of the Secretary's Office. 
His house is built on the westerly half of lot 16. 

Mr. Cobb is a native of Maryland, and at the beginning 
of the rebellion entered the Union Army Upon leaving 
the army he entered the Paymaster General's Office, where 
he yet remains. His house is built on the easterly half of 
lot 16. 

The house built by Mr. Thomason, on the easterly half 



24 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

of lot 17 is now owned and occupied by William J. 
Ketchara. Mr. Ketcham is a native of New York and re- 
moved to the District of Columbia in 1857. He was ap- 
pointed in the Sixth Auditor's Office of the Treasury De- 
partment iu 1863, where he now remains. 

Gen. Foster, who was a journalist by profession, was an 
officer in the Union Army, and in later life was in charge 
of one of the Divisions of the Pension Office. The property 
is now owned by his widow, and occupied by Clinton Rice, 
a lawyer from New York. 

Subsequently, Edward N. Houghton, purchased lots 73, 
74, 75 and 76 on Laurel avenue, and, in the Winter and 
Spring of 1875, improved them by the erection of buildings, 
moving into his house on the 1st of July following. The 
cottage of Mr. Houghton is a very attractive one, and adds 
greatly to the beauty '-f the village. Mr. Houghton is a 
native of Vermont and removed to Washington from New 
York iu 1861 and for a while was a clerk in the Interior 
Department. He is now a solicitor of claims. 

Later, in the same year, W. D. Wright. purchased the 
easterly half of lot 40, on Brown street, upon which he has 
since built a house, which he now occupies ; Mr. Wright is 
a native of Georgia, came to the District in 1872, and has 
since been employed in the United States Signal Office. 

The school-house on Oak street, since converted into a 
dwelling, and owned by Dr. Breed, was built in 1869, and 
opened with about thirty scholars in September of that 
year, with Miss Lizzie Arnold as teacher, and B. P. Davis 
as trustee. 

Our record, thus far, has been confined to the original 

i purchase of land by S. P. Browi, but in the mean time 

lots had been purchased and improved north of Howard 

. " avenue and west of Fourteenth street, formerly owned and 

"^ occupied by Thomas J. Quinter, who built his house in 1862. 

Mr. Quinter is a native of Philadelphia, Pa., and came to 

the District in 1839, He still occupies a portion of his 

property, which was formerly a part of the Holmead estate, 

and inherited by his wife one of the Holmead heirs. 

John Eggleston purchased two acres in 1861, and built 
and occupied in 1869. Mr. Eggleston is a native of Balti- 
more, but came to the District in 1843, and is well known 
as one of the principel butcher?, and market dealers of the 
city. 



FOURTH OF JUFA' 1876. 25 

Abrani Elkins, jr., then a clerk in the Trea:^ury Depart- 
ment, bought one acre in 1867, and built and occupied in 
1868. He has since removed. 

Samuel W. Estern, a native of Maryland, purchased an 
acre in 1872, and occupied the same in that j'ear. He has 
since further improved the property by the erection of a 
floral or hot-house. 

In the year 1867 the tract of land, originally a part of 
the Holmead estate, lying l)etween Fourteenth street and 
Pierce estate, on the east and west, and Park street and 
Columbian College property, on the north and south, was 
purchased by Senator John Sherman and his brother. Gen, 
William T. Sherman, and by them laid out in village lots. 
Maj. S. Willard Saxton soon after purchased lots 17, 18 
and 19, on Kenesaw avenue, improved and built upon the 
same, and moved into his house in November, 1869. Maj, 
Saxton is a native of Massachusetts, and, during the war, 
an officer in the Union Army. He removed to the "district 
in 1866, and'has since been in the employ of the Treasury 
Department, having charge of one of the Sub-Division of the 
Office of the First Comptroller. 

In 1875, J. R. Hertford purchased lots 30 and 31, front- 
ing on Park street, on this new acquisition, improved the 
same by the erection of handsome buildings, and moved 
into his house in April, 1876. Mr. Hertford is a native of 
England, and renewed to the District in 1861, where he 
has since been in the Office of the United States Treasury, 
and as one o^' the committee superintending the destruction 
of United States currency and bonds. 

Senator Sherman has also nearly completed two cottage 
houses on this property, lying immediately south of Maj. 
Saxton's property and fronting on Kenesavr avenue. 

During the year 1871 the tract of land belonging to the 
Joshua Pierce estate, and lying south of Park street and 
we^^t of the Sherman property, passed into the possession of 
S. P. Brown, who laid out the same in blocks and lots and 
offered them for sale in January 1872. This property is also 
a part of the original Pleasant" Plains or Holmead" estate, 
and quite a large portion of it has since fallen into the hands 
of .Tames Robbins and Moses Kelly, of the City of Wash- 
ington. The first lot sold was for the site of the buildings 
now occupied by the Mount Pleasant public schools. The 
school-house, built in 1869, had become too small for the 



ANXALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 



wants of the village, and, through the exertions of B. P. 
Davis, a larger one was erected and dedicated with public 
ceremonies in the Spring of 1872, Hon. "FTenry D. Cooke, 
Governor of the District, Hon. John Eaton, Commissioner 
of Education and other distinguished ])crsons being present 
and participating in the exercises. Mrs. Julia E. York 
was appointed principal teacher in 1871, Miss Kate Sanford 
was assistant teacher from September, 1871, until June 30, 
1872. Miss Mandana Brown from June, 1872 to June, 
1875 and re-ai^poin^ed in 1876. Miss Ellen Emory was 
aitpointed in June, 1872, Miss Delia Tin. le in 1873, and 
Miss Carrie Spalding in 1875. Miss Brown, Miss Emory, 
Miss Tingle, with the piincipal. Mrs. York, constitute the 
present corps of teachers, and the numl»er of scholars has 
increased to over two hundred and fifty. 

The second purchase was made by B. P. Davis, <^f Lets 
Nos. 1-10, of which mention has heretofore been made. 
Then followed the purchase of Lot ^Xo 2, block 4, on Park 
street, and erection of a house, in 1873, by -George S. 
Emory. This property is now occupied by F. S. Kichols, 
a native of Maine, butVho removed to the District in 1864, 
and to Mount Pleasant in 1874. Mr. Nichols has been for 
several years, and is now, employed in the Register's OfHce 
of the Treasury Department. 

The same year H. 0. Watson purchased lot 2, block 1, 
on Park street, and built and moved into his house imme- 
diately thereafter. Mr. Watson is an Englishman by birth, 
came to this country in 1860 and immediately entered the 
regular army, where he served until wounded at the second 
battle of Bull Run, when he was brought to Washington, 
where he resided until his removal to Mount Pleasant in 
1873. 

lu October of the same year H. H. Parmenter, purchased 
the easterly half of Lot Xo. 4, and Joseph C. Lewis the 
westerly half and a part of lot 7, fronting on Park street. 
Mr. Parmenter built and moved into his house in April, 
1875. He is a native of Massachusetts, and upon the out- 
l^reak of the Rebellion entered the Union Army. Upon the 
close of the war and his discharge from service he entered 
the Oflice of the Quarter Master General, where he now 
remains. 

Mr. Lewis completed his house and occupied it in Octo- 
ber, 1875. He is a native of Virginia, and, during the 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 27 

early part of the war served in the Union Army, and after- 
wards in the Navy as assistant engineer. Since the war he 
has been, and now is, in the Office of the Third Auditor of 
the Treasury 

Falling within the limits of Mount Pleasant, as it is now 
known, and being a part of the original Holmead estate 
and Pleasant Plains, with which we are now dealing, comes 
also the estate of the oldest inhabitant, James Eslin, now 
in the eighty-fourth year of his age, who purchased 40 acres 
nearly half a century ago. Mr. Eslin is a native of Prince 
George County, Maryland, and, during olden times, kept a 
public house, cock-pit and sporting grounds, where he now 
lives, which, for many years, was the resort of sporting men, 
and, even, public functionaries. His son, Columbus Eslin, 
now owns and occupies a portion of the estate, immediately 
west of the Piney Branch road, and his son-in-law, Charles 
A. Stewart, owns and occupies a fine residence, just west 
of the Eslin Homestead. His daughter, Mary Holmead 
and her son, William Holmead, own and occupy the old 
Holmead homestead, built about 1740, with about 60 acres 
of land, being the easterly limits of Mount Pleasant. The 
son, William was born here, and is the proprietor of the 
grocer}' store located on this property. 

Adjoining, and next to the Fourteenth street road, is the 
estate of Francis Mattingly, consisting of about 18 acres. 
Mr. Mattingly, is one of the substantial and highly re- 
spected citizens of the village, was born in Maryland, but 
in early life removed to Washington, where he was, for 
many years, successfully engaged in the manufacture and 
sale of hats. He re-built his house and moved to Mount 
Pleasant in 1866. His son, William F,, one of the distin- 
guished members of the Washington Bar, has recently 
purchased about 66,000 feet of land south of his father's 
estate and east of Fourteenth street, being a part of the 
original Holmead property. 

Then w^est of and adjoining the property of S. P. Brown 
and the Piney Branch road, lies the estate of the late Gen. 
Walbridge, with its beautiful residence and grounds, known 
as Ingleside. This is the largest single estate of the Lord Bal- 
timore and Holmead property, and for several years, and 
until his death, was owned and occupied as a suburban resi- 
dence by Gen. Walbridge, a marked and distinguished citi- 
zen and member of Couo-ress from the State of Xew York. 



28 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

The estate is now owned and occupied by his step-daughter, 
who recently married Col. George B. Corkhill, late an officer 
in the Union Army, and now editor and proprietor of the 
Washington DaiUi Chronicle. 

Next, west and lying between this estate and Rock Creek, 
is the elegant Summer i-esidence and estate of Robert C. 
Fox, known from the earliest history of Pleasant Plains as 
Rosemount, and Rock of Duubarton estate, consisting of 
about 17 acres, ^[r. Fox is a native of Virginia, came to 
Washington in 1855, and, for several j'ears was connected 
with the Columbian College, as tutor in Greek and Latin. 
He purchased Rosemount in 1872, and is now one of the 
leading real estate brokers of the District of Columbia. 

In the Winter of 1867 and 1868 the little community, at 
Mount Pleasant, finding themselves without any easy com- 
munication with the city, and virtually separated from all 
their former associations, began to feel the necessity of pro- 
moting social intercourse and enjoyment in their own 
neighborhood. Mr. S. N. Goodman and his unmarried 
eister. Miss Harriet E. Goodman were then residing in a 
part of Mr. Davis' house, and Miss Goodman suggested 
and organized a Pible class, which met in their rooms, and 
w'as generally attended by the families then resident at 
Mount Pleasant, Mr. Davis taking the lead of the class. 
Miss Goodman, also, suggested the propriety of some reg- 
ular social entertainment, and her thought resulted in a 
consultation which ended in the organization of a series of 
social parties, which rotated through the neighborhood on 
stated evenings, with music and dancing and such plain 
refreshments as could be served without too much cere- 
mony. These parties were attended by nearly all the resi- 
dents, and were so genial and so promotive of unity and 
good feeling as to be remembered among the brightest 
spots that marked the progress of the new village. 

The school-house, built on Oak street in the Summer of 
1869, soon became the focus for all the interests of the 
place, and was kept hot with consultations and public 
meetings. In the Winter ot 1869 and 1870 an interesting 
series of meetings was held there to urge, on the attention, 
of Congress the change in the District Government, which 
was then being agitated. These meetings called into play 
the business abilities of those who had hitherto only known 
each other in social relations; and, \\hile they had the 
effect, through their committees, to aid largely in shaping 



FOURTH OF JULY 1876. 29 

the organizing act then JDefore Congress, they, also had the 
more important efiect of inspiring a desire for intellectual 
communion ; and, when the meetings were about to be dis- 
continued, it was proposed to organize a societ}' for intel- 
lectual exercise and improvement. The suggestion was 
acted on at once, and, after a few informal meetings in 
September, 1870, a constitution was adopted, and the 
Mount Pleasant Assembly instituted with L. S. Emery for 
its president, and Dr. Daniel Breed for its secretary. The 
society was a great success from the first and for several 
years every house holder on Howard avenue and the greater 
part of those on Park street were accustomed to participate 
in its proceedings. It fearlessly discussed all questions, 
grave or gay, p'tlitical or religious, historic or scientific, and 
put the American Congress to shame by its more frequent 
and tenacious discussions on questions of order. 

The assembly was the center of every other public move- 
ment, it brought out TTfrrf^xposed the qualities of every 
member, united them together in friendly intercourse, and 
in Scriptural phrase, caused them to see "eye to eye." 
The religious meetings ; the Sunday Schools; the street im- 
provements ; the side-walks ; the omnibus company ; the 
temperance division ; and the union hall company, were 
mainl}^ the outgrowth of this association. 

It was the common medium of exchange for everything 
relating to improvement, and if there is any good in our 
village over and above others of the same kind, it is to be 
attributed to the advantages derived from the weekly meet- 
ings of this association. 

The Sunday School which has been such a fountain of 
joy to the neighborhood had its origin in a consultation 
among those who were in the habit of working together in 
this " Assembly." It was organized on the 27th of June, 
1870 ; the initiatory action resting largely on B. P. Davis, it 
met in the little school house. L. S. Emery was chosen its 
first superintendent, A. L. Sturtervant its present superin- 
tendent, was chosen in 1873, and the school under his man 
agement has continued to enlist the warm approval and 
hearty co-operation of every family in the village. 

The Religious Meetings began soon after the formation 
of the Sunday School, and both have been continued ever 
since. The Sunday preaching was introduced by J. S. 
Brown who invited" Rev. J. W Chickering, and circula- 
ted a subscription to meet the necessary expense. 



30 ANNALS OF MOUNT PLEASANT. 

The Omnibus Company was organized at a public meetin*'- 
iu 1871, with L. S. Emery, as president, and S. II. Good- 
man, as treasurer ; it has now been in operation five years 
under the same officers and Board of Directors. 

The colored Sunday School was organized in 1871, 
mainly through the energy of W. R. Murphy, who so long 
had claarge of it ; since his removal from the village it has 
found an equally faithful and efficient guardian in Edward 
S. Peck, and is one of the institutions of which we may 
be justly proud. 

The Christian Association had its origin at a public meet- 
ing held at the school h(>use, on the 14th of March, 1872, 
after some preliminary consultation in which J. S. Delano 
took a leading part; it was an attempt to embody the 
christian element of the neighborhood into an association, . 
for more efl'ective christian work, Edward S. Peck was its 
first president, and Lizzie S. Arnold its first secretary. 

The Union Hall Company o rgan j^ed with the Christian ^''*^ 
Association in 1874 ; the first ambition was for a church, 
but finding a more liberal co-operation in the project 
for a public hall, that scheme w-as adopted ; and re- 
sulted in the erection of the present village hall ; on 
E. I Lot iSTo. 26, through the agency of a stock company 
with A. L. Sturtevant president, John B. Bloss, treasurer, 
and P. H. Folsom, secretary In the Spring of 1875, the 
Mount Pleasant Division Sons of Temperance was organized, 
about the same time as the Union Hall Association, and 
at one time embraced nearly every person in the village. 
Its first presiding officer was H. C. Harmon, and it is still 
in a flourishing condition. 

In the Spring of 1875, a most entertaining and success- 
ful festival was held under the auspices of this organization; 
the proceeds thereof being subsequently invested in the 
Union Hall, and thereby largely [promoting the success of 
the Union Hall enterprise. 

It would not be a very material deviation from the truth 
to say that ten years ago the suburban village proper was 
"without a habitation and a name." 

"To-day, on this 4th of July, 1876; the 100th. anniver- 
sary of our National Independence, wepre.sentit to you in 
accordance with the suggestions of the President's Proc- 
lamation not only with a name and with several habitations, 
but wath such evidences of growth, and such materials for 
history, as these unpretending memorials would seem to 
imply." 



^J 



M^WMI^ ^M^l^W^. 



DISTRICT OF COLIJIMBI^, 



CENTENNIAL CELEBRATIolSr 



OF THE 




1876, 



^v\^tth: AisJisrA.LS 



PREPARED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE ACT OF CONGRESS AND 
THE PROCLAMATIONS OF THE PRESIDENT. 



WASHINGTON : 

O. H. REED, PRINTER. 

1876. 



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